Journal: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Article Title: CI-994 is a dual modulator of class I HDACs and Wnt/β-catenin signaling for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

doi: 10.1186/s13195-026-01982-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: CI-994 enhances spontaneous electrical activity and synaptic network formation in patient-specific iPSC-derived neurons carrying APOE ε4/ε4. A Spontaneous firing patterns in neurons derived from patient-specific iPSCs carrying APOE ε4/ε4 were measured by MED64 Presto for 8 weeks after differentiation from NPCs with the treatment of CI-994 at 4 µM. Each spike was indicated with a red arrow. P value was calculated by two-tailed, unpaired t-test at week 8. B The frequency of spontaneous firing was monitored in the iPSC-derived neurons for 8 weeks after differentiation and CI-994 treatment ( n = 8 technical replicates). C Extracellular recordings of spontaneous firing including burst firing (red brackets) in the iPSC-derived neurons were measured by MED64 Presto 8 weeks after differentiation and CI-994 treatment. D The incidence of burst firing was monitored in the iPSC neurons for 8 weeks after differentiation and CI-994 treatment ( n = 8 technical replicates). Data represents mean ± SEM. P value was calculated by two-tailed, unpaired t-test at week 8. E – G After the final MEA measurement, the neurons in each well were harvested, and the levels of synapsin-1, synaptophysin, β3-tubulin and β-actin in RIPA lysates were examined by Western blotting. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 8 technical replicates. P values were calculated using two-tailed, unpaired t test

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilutions used in this study are as follows: LRP6 (Cell Signaling Technology, 3395S, 1:1000), anti-ADAM10 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, 3395S, 1:1000), β-catenin (BD Biosciences, 610,154, 1:5000), acetyl-histone H3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9649S, 1:1000), histone H3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 4499S, 1:1000), phospho-tau (AT8) (Fisher Healthcare, clone AT8, ENMN1020, 1:500), phospho-tau (AT180) (Fisher Healthcare, clone AT180, ENMN1040, 1:500), tau (Fisher Healthcare, clone HT7, clone HT7, ENMN1000, 1:1000), synaptophysin (Cell Signaling Technology, 36406S, 1:1000), synapsin-1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 5297S, 1:1000), β3-tubulin (Cell Signaling Technology, 5568S, 1:5000), β-actin (Cell Signaling Technology, 3700S and 4970S, 1:5000), and α-tubulin (Cell Signaling Technology, 2125S and 3873S, 1:5000).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Derivative Assay, Two Tailed Test, Western Blot

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Nicotinamide counteracts Rotenone-induced mitochondrial and neuronal dysfunction in a translational early-life model

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-36651-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pre and post synaptic vesicles number and colocalization is impaired by Rotenone (Rot) 1.325nM treatment and improved by Nicotinamide (NAM) 10µM pretreatment. Pictures were taken in 4 fields for each culture with a 40x objective in a Zeiss LM800 confocal microscope. Scale bar with 20 μm. ( A ) Representative image of localization of the proteins DAPI (blue), PSD-95 (green), and Synaptophysin (red) in addition to its colocalization (purple) for the groups Vehicle, Rot 1.325nM, NAM 10µM and NAM 10µM + Rot 1.325nM. ( B ) Pearson’s correlation index indicates the colocalization between PSD-95 and Synaptophysin. ( C ) Number of Synaptophysin vesicles/cells. ( D ) Number of PSD-95 vesicles/cell. Results normalized by vehicle group and shown as mean ± standard error ( N = 3, in duplicate; each dot represent a biological replicate). Statistical analysis performed by ANOVA One-Way with Bonferroni posthoc. It was considered statistically significant p < 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Cells were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies against synaptophysin (1:100; Cell Signaling, cat. 36406) and PSD-95 (1:100; Cell Signaling, cat. 36233).

Techniques: Microscopy